INT 231mo

The Romanesque and Islamic styles are two distinct cultures, that eventually became very iconic historical eras of architecture and design. ROMANESQUE Two very famous pieces of furniture from the Romanesques were two different chairs. The first chair, more of a throne, was shaped as an x and was made of metal. This chair was used by the ruler, Dagobert I. A significant part of the Throne of Dagobert is the bronze details it uses. The second chair was used by Charlemagne, another ruler in the Romanesque era. This throne was made of marble sheets, although not very decorated, but raised and lofted to show his importance and higher rank as the leader he was. Charlemagne created a united and stable government during this time, and there was a time period and style created after him called Carolingian. Romanesque cities included a lot of fortresses, using wattle-and-daub and timber construction primarily inside the walls. A prime example of these cities is Aigues-Mortes, which portrays the ...

The Early Christian and Byzantine era's most prominent pieces of architecture are the use of simplistic basilicas and grandeur domes, influenced by the Romans. The combination of these buildings were used mostly for religious purposes, representing Christ and the resurrection of Jesus within their designs. Specifically, the resurrection was shown by the use of transepts. CONSTANTINE AUDIENCE HALL Based in Trier, this is an example of an Early Christian church, taking on the form of a basilica. It is very simple, with a rectangular lay out. It has an apse at one end, and the entrance at the other, forming space for a congregation in the middle and a speaker at the apse. This is the purest form of a basilica, although it was not intended to be so at first.   EARLY CHRISTIAN CHURCHES Sant' Apollinare in Italy is a prime example of an Early Christian church. It takes on the same form as Constantine's basilica in Trier, just with more detail and intention to be used as a church....

Greece and Rome both were significant areas of the world that are apart of Classical Civilizations. The two main civilizations of ancient Greece were the Mycenaeans and the Minoans. In Rome, they were greatly influenced by these Greek civilizations. GREECE: MINOAN AND MYCENAEAN Minoan The Minoan civilization was located on the island of Crete. Their economy was greatly based on the sea, and they chose their urban centers based on inland valleys, tending to stay away from mountains, unlike the Mycenaeans. Because of the surrounding sea, they didn't need to build any fortresses or other protection. The most important structure of this island was the Palace of Knossos. It's organization was based on having lots of rooms, compared to big individual ones. Stairs and color were important elements of this palace, creating emphasis on the most significant rooms. Another aspect of architecture and design that the Minoans used were cornice and columns, used in both the interior and exter...

There are three ancient civilizations of the Middle East that are very significant. These three civilizations are Mesopotamia, Egypt, and Nubia. Each of them bring different advancements and design techniques to the world, and are very innovative in their own ways. MESOPOTAMIA In Mesopotamian culture, the main materials they used for homes were mud, timber, and reeds. This culture was Assyrian, and highlighted royalty above all other things in their architecture. To differentiate the royal areas of their architecture, they used mud brick and, rarely, stone and wood. Here is an example of these materials in use: Mesopotamian structures were also very well thought out, with each part of the architecture being made with purpose. For example, urban centers of cities were the main focus areas of the city, and were protected and distinguished with entry ways and walls, but also with nature like rivers and moats. Reliefs Another very important part of Mesopotamian royal design were reliefs. T...

The two Stone Ages, which are the Neolithic and the Paleolithic Ages, and thirdly the Bronze Age, carry an abundance of meaning to them and were the very start of interior design and architecture in the history of humanity. These eras were the beginning of important ideas and different techniques that humanity still uses today. I learned that during the Neolithic and the Paleolithic Ages, stone was used for most everything, including their tools, living spaces, and furniture, etc. The people from that time had to have been very creative, using whatever materials that they had around them to create their homes with flowing systems and communities. The level of organization that they had in their homes were very interesting and advanced. NEOLITHIC AGE:   In this image, I want to highlight the organization of the interior. This Neolithic Age home really designates the center of its space using the hearth, or the fireplace, having everything else fall into place around it. I find this ...